二、少林拳技法特点

Technique Characteristics of Shaolin Boxing

少林拳朴实无华、立足实战，其运动特点也具有鲜明的技击性。

Shaolin boxing based on actual combat, it is simple and unadorned, the movement has a distinct skill character.

（一）拳打一条线，拳打卧牛之地 Punch in a straight line within a small area

少林拳套路繁多，结构紧凑，短小精悍。演练时，起落进退多在一条线上运动。众多少林拳家认为，从实战角度出发，真正交手相搏无非几步之距，直线运动最为有效，方寸之间便有胜败之分。这充分体现了少林拳不受场地大小限制，随时随地均可施展解数和发挥威力的特征。

Shaolin boxing has more routine exercise, compact structure, terse and forceful.It's required to move in a straight line while practicing.Many Shaolin boxing master felt that from a practical point of view, the real fight is just within a distance of few steps, the most effective way is to move in a straight line, victory or defeat can be decided in a small area.This fully embodies of the Shaolin boxing is not limited by the size of practicing yard and can be used at any place.

（二）动作迅猛，快速有力 Action fast and vigorous

少林拳要求刚健有力、迅速激烈，即所谓“起手连珠炮，拳打一气连”；“使势千着，以快为先”。在套路演练过程中，要求几个或十几个动作连贯快速，一气呵成。少林拳虽以刚为主，但同时也要求刚柔相济。

Shaolin boxing demands that the movement should be vigorous and energetic, swift and sharp, that is the so-called“Start with continuous shell, punched out without interruption”;“Thousands of skills and tricks with the focus on speed”.In the course of skill practice exercise, it requires that several or a dozen motions are rapid and coherent without a break.Though Shaolin boxing emphasizes hardness, it also requires softness.

（三）曲而不曲，直而不直，滚出滚入，富有弹性 Appears curve but not curve, straight but not straight, full of elasticity and changes

就手法而言，少林拳要求两臂保持一定曲度，冲拳推掌，须蹬腿转腰、抖肩发力。“身以滚而动，手以滚而出”，反对僵直拙力。在完成动作的一瞬间，依手臂的自然反弹力，使手臂形成曲非曲、直非直的态势，为继续攻防创造条件。滚出滚入，更是攻防技术的科学反映，旋动可增强攻击力，滚动也有利于防中对来击者力量的化解。

In terms of tactics, Shaolin boxing requires the two arms to keep some extent of curvature, not matter punching out fist or pushing out palm, all require kick leg and turning waist are required to shake shoulders and generate strength.“Body movement must keep up with arm and arm moves in a spiral pattern,” attention must be paid not to be stiff and clumsy.At the same time,the motion is completed, by the natural elasticity, the arm appears a posture of curve but not curve, straight but not straight, creating a condition for continued offensive and defensive.Spiral movement is a scientific reflects of offensive and defensive technique, gyration can enhance the attack power, spiral also contributes to preventing the attack strength during defense.

（四）眼法以目注目Pay attention to opponent's eyes

少林拳对眼的要求是必须头随势转，手到眼到，以目注目，“以审敌势”。演练少林拳，眼要明亮有神，眼明方能手快。“虎视眈眈，气息沉沉，目光炯炯，含有神威”，显示出咄咄逼人之势。

The requirement of eye in Shaolin boxing is paying close attention to the situation, hands reaching the point immediately with the sight, paying close attention to opponent's eyes,“watch out opponent's intention.” When practicing Shaolin boxing, performer must keep clear eyes expression, deft of hand comes after quick of eye.“Glare like a tiger at its prey with deep breath and glowing eyes, showing great power”, make an aggressive posture.

（五）进低退高，起横落顺Start at a low posture and retreat with a lofty stance, strike by sideway and fall in a natural way

少林拳要求进攻时力求重心稳固，身正发力，以加强进攻力度。防守动作则要求动作灵活，灵敏快速。凡退凡落多要求侧顺对敌，以缩小受击面，便于防守与进攻。

Shaolin boxing requires a stable center of gravity in offense, exerting force to strengthen the attack.Defensive motions should be flexible, nimble and fast.During the period of retreating and falling, it requires not to face opponent directly in order to reduce the attacked scope which is to defend and attacked with ease.

（六）注重内外三合的协调配合，以气催力 Emphasizing three sides coordination between the inside and outside to produce force by breath

内外合一、形神兼备是少林拳整体动作的特点。每个招势都必须做到手到、眼到、身到、步到，周身各部位密切配合，协调一致。由于少林拳动作整体紧凑，不易大开大合，所以对身体也有相应的具体要求：“肩与胯合，肘与膝合，手与足合”，即所谓外三合。“心与意合，意与气合，气与力合”，即所谓内三合。

Coordination between the inside and outside, unity of form and spirit are the characteristics of Shaolin boxing.Each movement requires each part of the body act in close coordination and harmony, including the hands, eyes and body.As the movement of Shaolin boxing is compact, it is not easy to change the body on a vigorous large-scale. Hence that it has specific corresponding requirements for the body:“Coordinating hip and shoulder, elbow and knee, hand and foot”, so-called three ways of outer coordination.“Coordinating heart and mind, mind and breath, breath and power”, which is the so-called inner three coordination.

（七）以声助威 Boost the morale through sound

少林拳的演练过程中还有一个发声特点，这就是以声助威。通常演练者除了在套路结尾时随最后的动作发声“威”外，演练过程中也常有“呀”、“呜”、“哈”等不同发声。这些发声源自腹腔，短促有力，吼声如雷，富有震撼感。

Boosting the morale through sound is another characteristic in the process of performing Shaolin boxing.Generally, the performer say“wei” along with the last action at the end of the routine, in addition, they also say“ya”,“wu”,“ha” and other voices.These voices come from the abdominal cavity, short but powerful just like the roar of thunder and with rich sense of shock.