二、南拳的主要内容及特点

Main Content and Characteristics of Nan Quan

南拳内容丰富，各地流传的南拳往往自成体系，各具特色。广东南拳，拳种浩繁，最著名的有洪、刘、蔡、李、莫五家。

Nan Quan has abundant contents and various sorts of Quan from different places with different features.Cantonese Nan Quan has various sorts，and the most five famous are：Hong Style,Liu Style，Cai Style，Li Style and Mo Style.

洪家拳：是南拳较大门派，源于福建闽南漳州一带，后传入广东。其特点是步稳、势烈，以气催力，以发声吐气来助发力。

Hong Style is the main school of Nan Quan originated from Zhangzhou，Fujian,then introduced into Guangdong.It is characterized by stable step，strong posture，breath driving force and giving force by exhaling and sound production.

刘家拳：流行于广东钦州、高州等地。此拳特点是进退快速，左防右攻，攻守兼备，灵活多变。动作系短桥、短马，步法多吊马、拉马，间有跳跃动作。步走四面，拳打八方，运动路线多变，手法近似洪拳。

Liu Style is popular in Qinzhou and Gaozhou of Guangdong.It is characterized by quick forward and backward stepping，left defending，right attacking，diverse changes.The movements are Duanqiao，Duanma，and the step techniques are Diaoma，Lama with jumping.It has various steps，techniques and movement routes，and its hand techniques are like Hong Style.

蔡拳：相传由福建传入广东，流行于广东中山县南郎等地。特点是不拘形式，暗中出手，突然袭击，以短打为主，沉肘护夹，发短劲，刚中有柔。

Cai Style is spread to Guangdong from Fujian and it is popular in Nanlang，Zhongshan County，Guangdong etc..It is characterized in various forms，sudden attacking，face to face attacking，dropping elbow，short fighting and hardness with softness.

李拳：流行于广东中山县河源、老隆等地。其特点是长桥大马，侧身闪步出拳快、收拳快，多跳跃、擅腿法，肩关节活动幅度大，下肢进退灵活。

Li Style is popular in Heyuan and Laolong of Zhongshan County in Guangdong.The characteristics are：attacking or defending with straight or slightly bent arms，fast fist fighting，frequent jumping，leg techniques，wide range of shoulder movements，flexible forward and backward lower limbs.

莫拳：较早流行于广东海丰县一带。其特点是侧身、斜肩、吊马、左桥右马、沉肩落膊。

Mo Style is popular around Haifeng County in Guangdong.The characteristics are：side body，leaning shoulder，Diaoma，left bridge and right horse，dropping shoulders and arms.

广东南拳除上述五家外，较有影响的还有蔡李佛拳、虎鹤双形、咏春拳、侠拳、佛家拳等。福建南拳有五行拳、鹤拳、五祖鹤阳拳、白鹤拳、连城拳和地术犬法等；广西南拳有周家拳、屠龙拳、小策打等；浙江南拳有洪家拳、黑虎拳、金刚拳等；湖南南拳有巫家拳、洪家拳等；湖北南拳有洪门拳、鱼门拳、孔门拳等。此外还有温州南拳、台州南拳、江苏南拳以及江西流传的三十六路宋江拳、虎拳；四川的峨眉拳、余家拳、白眉拳等。

Besides these five schools,there are Cai Li Buddhist Quan，Tiger and Crane Style，Spring Praise Quan，Xia Style，and Buddhist School Quan in Cantonese Nan Quan.Fujian Nan Quan has Wuxing Quan，Crane Style，Five Ancestor Quan，White Crane Style，Liancheng Quan and Dishu Quan etc..Guangxi Nan Quan has Zhou Style，Tulong Quan，Xiaoceda etc..Zhejiang Nan Quan has Hong Style，Black Tiger Style，Jingang Style etc..Hunan Nan Quan has Wu Style，Hong Style etc..Hubei Nan Quan has Hong Style，Yu Style，Kong Style.And there are Wenzhou Southern Style，Taizhou Nan Quan，Jiangsu Nan Quan，36 Road Songjiang Quan，Tiger Style，E'mei Style，Yu Style and White Eyebrow Style etc..

南拳的主要方法有：冲、劈、抛、盖、鞭、撞等拳法，劈、标、切、插等掌法，撞、压、担等肘法，截、圈、劈、穿、架、滚、盘等桥法，蹬、踹、钉、挂、铲、踩、虎尾等腿法以及各种跳跃动作。其运动特点是：手法多变，腿法较少，动作紧削，刚健有力，伴有发声呼喝。

The main fist techniques of Nan Quan are：punching，straight-arm chopping，covering，flail and striking.Main palm techniques are：hacking，thrusting，cutting，downward thrusting.Main elbow techniques are：striking，pressing，raising bent elbow upward.Main bridge techniques are：fending，circling，chopping，penetrating，blocking，rolling，and circling.Main leg techniques are：kicking，striking，nailing，hitching，shoveling，stepping，tiger-tail.There are also various jumping movements.The characteristics are various hand techniques，less leg techniques，compact movements，powerful and with sound production.